Ferdinand linneborn



UNITED STATES PATE T Prion.

FERDINAND LINNEBORN, OF HAGEN, GERMANY.

COMBINED WOOLEN AND LIN-EN UNDERCLOTHING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 593,772, dated November 16, 1897.

Applicationfiled August 8,1896. Serial No. 602,190. (No specimens.) Patented in SwedenJ'nne 21, 1893, No. 5,60 111 England June 23, 1893,1T- 12,390; in Austria-Hungary Jllne 30, 1893,110. 67,220 and No. 6,687,- in Switzerland July 15,1893, No. 7,151; in France July 18, 1898,1lo.231,601; in Belgium July 18,1893,No.105,583; in Luxemburg August 25,1893,

ITO-1,881; in Canada October 18,1893,N0.46,335; in D 1394,110. 86,417-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERDINAND LINNEBORN, of Hagen, near Allendorf, in the Kingdom of Prussia,in the German Empire, have invented new and useful Combined Woolen and Linen Underclothing, of which the following is a specification and for which I have obtained patents as follows: in Austria-Hungary June 30, 1893, No. 67,220 /6,637; in Germany 00- tober 12, 1894, No. 86,417; in England June 23, 1893, No. 12,390; in France July 18,1893, No.

231,601; in Belgium July18, 1893,No. 105,583;

in Switzerland July 15, 1893, No. 7,151; in Sweden June 21, 1893, No. 5,608; in Canada October 18, 1893, No. 46,335; in Luxemburg August 25, 1893, No. 1,881, and in Denmark September 21, 1894, No. 94.

' One of the most important conditions for the health of man is the keeping open of the pores of the skin, It is therefore of extreme importance that clothing, and especially underclothing, should be manufactured in such a manner that the skin will always be kept as cool, clean, and dry as possible.

When woolen underclothing is worn, the natural texture of the Wool causes it to become fluffy or produce fluff or fine loose fibers, which clog the pores of the skin. The consequences of this are well known.

The object of the present improvement is to produce a fabric for garments which shall have properties adapted to keep the skin cool and thus obviate excessive perspiration, and, further, which is made of a material that does not possess the property or disadvantage of forming or causing fluff, and which finally keeps the skin dry-that is to say, absorbs the perspiration produced in such a manner that the layers of fabric in immediate contact with the body shall remain dry.

I have discovered by numerous practical experiments that wool-and cotton-wool have the property of absorbing moisture, but that wool deprived of oil has this property in a considerably greater degree; but in order to prevent the clogging of the pores of the skin by the flufi, as above mentioned, I weave or knit the fabric with that surface which enmark September 21, 1894, N0. 94, and in Germany October 12,

comes in direct cont-act with the skin of linen or flax fiber, the linen and wool being preferably prepared as hereinafter described. The linen threads, which come in contact with the skin and are possessed of but little power of absorption, are well dried at a temperature of 100 Celsius, then steeped in a solution of ten parts of paraffin and one hundred parts of benzene, afterward being allowed to lie for from four to five hours at a medium temperature. They are then taken out and allowed to drip and arethen completely dried at 100 Celsius. The yarn so obtained does not absorb any damp-that is to say, any perspiration. The wool is allowed to lie in a bath warmed to a temperature of 40 Celsius and consisting of a well-mixed solution of one hundred litersof water, six liters of spirits of sal-am moniac, one and three-fourths pounds of soap, and two pounds of soda during a period of four hours. It is then well stretched, rinsed 'in clear running water, and dried at 100 Celsius. The wool, still warm, is now placed in a bath heated to 40 Celsius and composed of five parts of spirits of sal-ammoniac and three parts of benzene. Each skein is then stretched under strong pressure for three minutes and again rinsed in running water and dried.

While by the process described the linen linen surface, which comes in direct contact with the skin, remains quite dry, taking up no moisture, while the moist'urethat is to say,tl1'e perspiration-is absorbed by the outer lying woolen surface. The wool operates exactly like a wick, absorbing the moisture and keeping the body quite warm. The wool does not interfere with evaporation any more than the cotton, and has the advantage that,

the soft agreeable linen surface remaining in contact with the body, no sticking of the underclothing to the skin is possible.

Underclothing produced in the usual known manner out of material prepared as described has the very important and complete hygieniceifect of maintaining the body at the natural heat produced by the blood, this being secured by the inner linen surface, which prevents the body from any abnormal development of heat or undue perspiration, preventing the pores of the skin from being clogged, and allowing for a complete evaporation of the perspiration. In consequence of the natural qualities of the linen, and owing more particularly to the described treatment, the linen surface offers no good receptacle for the perspiration. As, however, the Woolen surface lying over the linen, in consequence of its natural qualities and owing to the dedescribed treatment, absorbs the perspiration very readily and in a large degree, no perspiration remains on the body and the linen surface is preserved in a perfectly dry condition. The woolen surface, moreover, provides for suiiicient Warmth and assists the evaporation of the perspiration. Such underclothing has a special important hygienic value in preventing the risk of catching cold, many skin diseases also, and is, besides, very comfortable to the body.

Having now described my invention, What I claim is \Voven or knit fabric consisting of one surface composed of previously-greased threads of linen and the other surface composed of threads of wool, previously treated to remove the grease substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

FERDINAND LINNEBORN. lVitnesses:

PEREGRINE VARNEL, ALBERT ELLIOT. 

